Publication date: Sep 20, 2023
Whereas the nature of the post-COVID condition following mild acute COVID-19 is increasingly well described in the literature, knowledge of its risk factors, and whether it can be predicted, remains limited. This study, conducted in Norway, uses individual-level register data from 214,667 SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals covering a range of demographic, socioeconomic factors, as well as cause-specific healthcare utilization in the years prior to infection to assess the risk of post-COVID complaints ≥3 months after testing positive. We find that the risk of post-COVID was higher among individuals who prior to infection had been diagnosed with psychological (OR = 2. 12, 95% CI 1. 84-2. 44), respiratory (OR = 2. 03, 95% CI 1. 78-2. 32), or general and unspecified health problems (OR = 1. 78, 95% CI 1. 52-2. 09). To assess the predictability of post-COVID after mild initial disease, we use machine learning methods and find that pre-infection characteristics, combined with information on the SARS-CoV-2 virus type and vaccine status, to a considerable extent (AUC = 0. 79, 95% CI 0. 75-0. 81) could predict the occurrence of post-COVID complaints in our sample.
Open Access PDF
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Covid | Assess |
| Healthcare | Complaints |
| Norway | Condition |
| Virus | Cov |
| Covid | |
| Factors | |
| Find | |
| Individuals | |
| Infection | |
| Mild | |
| Nature | |
| Post | |
| Predictors | |
| Risk | |
| Sars |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | post-COVID condition |
| disease | MESH | SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| pathway | REACTOME | SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| disease | MESH | infection |
| disease | VO | vaccine |
| disease | VO | report |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Flunarizine |
| disease | MESH | asthma |
| pathway | KEGG | Asthma |
| disease | MESH | obesity |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
| disease | VO | vaccination |
| disease | VO | vaccinated |
| disease | VO | unvaccinated |
| disease | IDO | symptom |
| disease | IDO | country |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Saquinavir |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Ranitidine |
| disease | IDO | history |
| disease | VO | population |
| disease | MESH | reinfection |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Nicorandil |
| disease | VO | Tax |
| disease | MESH | Communicable Diseases |
| disease | MESH | emergency |
| disease | VO | organization |
| disease | IDO | process |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Cysteamine |
| disease | VO | inefficient |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Adenosine |
| disease | MESH | complications |
| disease | MESH | coronavirus infection |
| disease | MESH | Multiple Sclerosis |
| disease | MESH | Neuroinflammation |
| disease | MESH | loneliness |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Fenamole |
| disease | MESH | syndrome |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Tromethamine |
| disease | MESH | chronic illness |