A Complex Relationship between Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression among General Population during Second Year of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Study.

ingentiumby ingentium

In Clinical Literature.

Publication date: Jun 30, 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the global economy and public health, disrupting various aspects of daily life. Apart from its direct effects on physical health, it has also significantly affected the overall quality of life and mental health. This study employed a path analysis to explore the complex association among multiple factors associated with quality of life, anxiety, and depression in the general population of the Republic of Srpska during the pandemic’s second year. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a nationally representative sample (n = 1382) of the general population (adults aged 20+) during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, and Herzegovina. Assessment tools included the DASS-21 scale for depression, anxiety, and stress, along with the Brief COPE scale, Quality of Life Scale (QOLS), and Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3). Sociodemographic factors and comorbidities were also assessed. Structural equation modeling was used to identify the direct and indirect links of various characteristics to quality of life, anxiety, and depression. Results: This study revealed a considerable prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms (27. 5% and 20. 9%, respectively), with quality of life playing a significant mediating role. The constructed path model accounted for 33. 1% of moderate to severe depression and 79. 5% of anxiety. Negative coping was directly linked to anxiety and indirectly to depression via anxiety, while the absence of positive coping had both direct and indirect paths (through quality of life) on depression. Among variables that directly affected depression, anxiety had the highest effect. However, the bidirectional paths between anxiety and depression were also suggested by the model. Conclusions: Pandemic response strategies should be modified to effectively reduce the adverse effects on public mental health. Further research is necessary to assess the long-term effects of the pandemic on mental health and to analyze the contributing factors of anxiety and depression in the post-COVID period.

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Concepts Keywords
Bosnia anxiety
Economy COVID-19 pandemic
Pandemic depression
Therapy general population
mental health
quality of life
Republic of Srpska

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease IDO quality
disease VO population
disease MESH COVID-19 Pandemic
disease MESH Hypertension
disease VO USA
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease MESH educational level
disease MESH morbidities
disease MESH unemployment
disease MESH marital status
disease MESH chronic diseases
disease MESH mental disorders
disease MESH comorbidity
disease MESH major depressive disorder
disease IDO history
disease MESH anxiety disorders
disease VO vaccination
drug DRUGBANK Aspartame
disease MESH infection
disease IDO process
disease VO efficiency
disease VO effective
disease VO report
disease MESH anhedonia
disease VO mouth
disease VO frequency
disease MESH substance use
disease VO vaccinated
disease MESH obesity
disease MESH elevated cholesterol
disease MESH Diabetes mellitus
disease MESH Autoimmune diseases
drug DRUGBANK Methionine
disease MESH psychological distress
disease IDO contagiousness
disease VO vaccine
disease VO vaccine dose
disease MESH syndrome
disease MESH emergencies
disease VO time
disease MESH causality
disease VO protocol
drug DRUGBANK Trestolone
drug DRUGBANK Ethanol
disease MESH loneliness
disease VO organization
drug DRUGBANK Zanamivir
drug DRUGBANK Efavirenz
drug DRUGBANK Guanosine

Original Article

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