Protective Effect of Indole-3-Aldehyde in Murine COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

Publication date: Jul 22, 2024

Aspergillus fumigatus is an environmental fungus recently included in the fungal high-priority pathogens by the World Health Organization. While immunodeficiency and/or pre-existing lung damage represent a well-recognized fertile ground for fungal growth, it is increasingly being recognized that severe viral infections may similarly favor A. fumigatus colonization and infection, as recently experienced in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Herein, in a murine model of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), obtained by the concomitant exposure to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike protein and A. fumigatus conidia, we found that the microbial compound indole-3-aldehyde (3-IAld) was able to ameliorate CAPA by working at multiple levels during viral infection and fungal superinfection, including epithelial barrier protection, promotion of antiviral responses, and limiting viral replication. As a consequence, 3-IAld limited the pathogenic sequelae of fungal superinfection as revealed by the controlled fungal burden and restrained inflammatory pathology. These results point to indole compounds as potential agents to prevent CAPA.

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Concepts	Keywords
Basel	aspergillosis
Coronavirus	CAPA
Fungi	indole-3-aldehyde
Protective	SARS-CoV-2
Superinfection

Semantics

Type	Source	Name
drug	DRUGBANK	Indole
disease	MESH	COVID-19
disease	MESH	Pulmonary Aspergillosis
disease	VO	organization
disease	IDO	immunodeficiency
disease	MESH	viral infections
disease	MESH	infection
disease	VO	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
disease	MESH	superinfection
pathway	KEGG	Viral replication
disease	MESH	sequelae
drug	DRUGBANK	Coenzyme M
disease	MESH	aspergillosis
disease	MESH	Fungal diseases
disease	MESH	morbidity
disease	VO	fungal disease
disease	MESH	candidemia
disease	MESH	invasive candidiasis
disease	IDO	production
disease	IDO	host
disease	MESH	leukemia
disease	MESH	critically ill
disease	MESH	influenza
disease	MESH	invasive fungal infection
disease	IDO	commensal
pathway	REACTOME	Fatty acids
drug	DRUGBANK	L-Tryptophan
disease	VO	injection
disease	VO	dose
disease	VO	protocol
disease	IDO	colony
drug	DRUGBANK	Dimercaprol
disease	VO	USA
drug	DRUGBANK	Formaldehyde
disease	VO	company
drug	DRUGBANK	Ethanol
drug	DRUGBANK	Isoflurane
disease	VO	volume
drug	DRUGBANK	Water
drug	DRUGBANK	Tromethamine
drug	DRUGBANK	Human Serum Albumin
drug	DRUGBANK	Fluorescein
disease	VO	time
disease	VO	manufacturer
drug	DRUGBANK	Angiotensin II
drug	DRUGBANK	Natural alpha interferon
pathway	KEGG	Peroxisome
drug	DRUGBANK	Cefaclor
disease	IDO	cell
drug	DRUGBANK	L-Glutamine
drug	DRUGBANK	Dimethyl sulfoxide
drug	DRUGBANK	Methylergometrine
drug	DRUGBANK	Amino acids
disease	VO	viability
disease	IDO	assay
disease	VO	titer
drug	DRUGBANK	Pentaerythritol tetranitrate
drug	DRUGBANK	Gentian violet cation
disease	VO	ANOVA

Original Article

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