Clinical and virological features of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-infected immunocompromised patients receiving immunosuppressive medications.

ingentiumby ingentium

In Clinical Literature.

Publication date: Jul 25, 2024

The prognosis of immunocompromised individuals with COVID-19 remains a significant concern. Information regarding the clinical and virological characteristics of immunocompromised patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron variant period is limited. Medical records of patients admitted to our hospital with COVID-19 during the Omicron (BA. 1-5) epidemic were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, virological (nasopharyngeal swabs and blood), and serological data were compared between immunocompromised patients receiving immunosuppressive medications (calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolate mofetil, or steroids) and control patients not receiving immunosuppressive medications. Twenty-eight immunocompromised patients (25 transplant recipients) and 26 control patients were included. Fourteen of the immunocompromised patients (50%) received monoclonal antibodies. The immunocompromised group included 15 mild/moderate (53. 6%), 10 severe (35. 7%), and three critical (10. 7%) disease severities. The mortality rate due to COVID-19 during hospitalization was 3. 6% (1/28) in the immunocompromised group, with no difference between the two groups. Three cases of re-exacerbation after discharge occurred in the immunocompromised group and none in the control group. Linear regression based on nasopharyngeal real-time-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values according to the time since symptom onset showed markedly slower viral clearance in the immunocompromised group than in the control group (P = 0. 078). In the immunocompromised group, patients who received monoclonal antibodies showed faster viral clearance than those who did not receive monoclonal antibodies. The convalescent anti-spike IgG titers were comparable to those in the control group in patients who received monoclonal antibodies and significantly lower than those in the control patients in patients who did not receive monoclonal antibodies (P 

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Concepts Keywords
Immunocompromised COVID-19
Severe Immunocompromised patients
Viral Immunosuppressive medications
SARS-CoV-2
Severity
Viremia

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH immunocompromised patients
disease MESH COVID-19
disease IDO blood
drug DRUGBANK Mycophenolate mofetil
disease VO time
disease IDO symptom
disease MESH Infectious Diseases
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease MESH viremia
disease MESH infection
disease MESH severe acute respiratory syndrome
disease VO population
disease MESH hematologic malignancies
disease VO laboratory test
disease VO USA
disease VO ORF
disease VO protocol
disease VO manufacturer
disease VO dose
disease VO vaccination
disease IDO history
disease VO age
drug DRUGBANK Prednisolone
drug DRUGBANK Methylprednisolone
disease MESH Diabetes mellitus
disease MESH Hypertension
drug DRUGBANK Dexamethasone
disease MESH Death
disease VO titer
disease VO organ
disease VO frequency
disease MESH clinical course
disease IDO immunosuppression
drug DRUGBANK Ademetionine
drug DRUGBANK Indoleacetic acid
drug DRUGBANK Rituximab
disease IDO cell
disease MESH long COVID
disease IDO infectivity
disease IDO infectious disease
drug DRUGBANK Rasagiline
disease MESH Cancer
disease VO viable
disease VO vaccine
disease VO report
disease IDO host
disease MESH Virus Shedding
disease MESH Complications
drug DRUGBANK BK-MDA

Original Article

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