Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax in coronavirus disease-2019: Description of a case series and a matched cohort study.

Publication date: Jul 15, 2024

To describe the characteristics of COVID-19 patients with pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum (PTX/PM) and their association with patient outcomes. Adults admitted to five Mayo Clinic hospitals with COVID-19 between 03/2020-01/2022 were evaluated. PTX/PM was defined by imaging. Descriptive analyses and a matched (age, sex, admission month, COVID-19 severity) cohort comparison was performed. Hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and predisposing factors were assessed. Among 6663 patients, 197 had PTX/PM (3 %) (75 PM, 40 PTX, 82 both). The median age was 59, with 71 % males. Exposure to invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula before PTX/PM were 42 %, 17 %, and 20 %, respectively. Among isolated PTX and PM/PTX patients 70 % and 53. 7 % underwent an intervention, respectively, while 96 % of the PM-only group was followed conservatively. A total of 171 patients with PTX/PM were compared to 171 matched controls. PTX/PM patients had more underlying lung disease (40. 9 vs. 23. 4 %, p

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Concepts	Keywords
Coronavirus	Coronavirus disease-2019
Invasive	Pneumomediastinum
Month	Pneumothorax
Patient	Respiratory support

Semantics

Type	Source	Name
disease	MESH	Pneumomediastinum
disease	MESH	pneumothorax
pathway	KEGG	Coronavirus disease
disease	MESH	COVID-19
disease	IDO	intervention
disease	MESH	lung disease
disease	MESH	Hypertension
disease	VO	USA
disease	MESH	acute respiratory distress syndrome
disease	MESH	syndrome
disease	VO	organization
disease	IDO	cell
drug	DRUGBANK	Coenzyme M
disease	MESH	complications
disease	MESH	critically ill
disease	VO	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
disease	MESH	tuberculosis
pathway	KEGG	Tuberculosis
disease	MESH	infections
disease	IDO	pathogen
disease	MESH	fibrosis
disease	MESH	viral pneumonias
disease	MESH	influenza
disease	MESH	pneumonias
disease	IDO	infection
disease	MESH	Coronavirus infections
drug	DRUGBANK	Medical air
disease	VO	protocol
disease	MESH	Viral Infection
drug	DRUGBANK	Oxygen
disease	VO	volume
disease	IDO	process
disease	IDO	disposition
disease	IDO	facility
disease	IDO	healthcare facility
disease	VO	frequency
drug	DRUGBANK	Methionine
disease	VO	age
disease	MESH	Obesity
disease	MESH	Asthma
pathway	KEGG	Asthma
disease	MESH	Malignancy
disease	IDO	history
disease	VO	vaccination

Original Article

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