Publication date: Sep 01, 2024

This multicenter cohort study describes Aotearoa New Zealand children hospitalized during the country’s first wave of sustained SARS-CoV-2 transmission, Omicron variant. Children younger than 16 years, hospitalized for >6 hours with COVID-19 across New Zealand from January to May 2022 were included. Admissions for all Māori and Pacific and every second non-Maori non-Pacific children were selected to support equal explanatory power for ethnic grouping. Attribution of hospital admission, demography, clinical presentation, comorbidity, treatment, and outcome data were collected. Of 444 hospitalizations of children positive for COVID-19, 292 (65. 5%) from 290 children were considered admissions attributable to COVID-19. Of these admissions, 126 (43. 4%) were aged under 1; 118 (40. 7%), 99 (34. 1%), and 87 (30. 0%) were children of Māori, Pacific, and non-Maori non-Pacific ethnicity, respectively. Underlying respiratory disease was the most common comorbidity, present in 22 children (7. 6%); 16 children (5. 5%) were immunosuppressed. Median length of stay was 1 day (interquartile range 0. 0-2. 0). Four children received antiviral, 69 (24%) antibacterial, and 24 (8%) supplemental oxygen. Although eight children required intensive care, there were no deaths. Children hospitalized during the first significant wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in New Zealand presented with a multi-system viral illness and rarely with severe disease.

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