Vaccine-induced humoral response of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 against BA.1, BA.5, and XBB.1.5. (sub)variants 6 months after a homologous booster: is immunogenicity equivalent?

Publication date: Aug 30, 2024

Some studies suggest that the monovalent mRNA-1273 vaccine is more effective than BNT162b2 in producing higher levels of antibodies. However, limited data are available, and the methods used are not directly comparable. Blood samples were obtained before the booster (third dose) and after 14, 90, and 180 days in two similar cohorts who received the original BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine designed to target wild type SARS-CoV-2. The aim of our study is to compare their effectiveness by assessing the levels of binding and neutralizing antibodies specifically against each of the BA. 1 variant, BA. 5 variant, and the XBB. 1.5 subvariant. Once the peak was reached after two weeks, a drastic decline in binding and neutralizing antibodies was observed up to 6 months after the homologous booster administration. The humoral response was however more sustained with the mRNA-1273 booster, with half-lives of 167, 55, and 48 days for binding, BA. 1, and BA. 5 neutralizing antibodies compared to 144, 30, and 29 days for the BNT162b2 booster, respectively. Compared to the BA. 1 variant, the neutralizing capacity was significantly decreased at 6 months with the BA. 5 variant (fold-decrease: 1. 67 to 3. 20) and the XBB. 1.5. subvariant (fold-decrease: 2. 86 to 5. 48). Although the decrease in the humoral response was observed with both mRNA vaccines over time, a more sustained response was observed with the mRNA-1273 vaccine. Moreover, the emergence of Omicron-based variants causes a reduced neutralizing capacity, notably with the XBB. 1.5. subvariant. The administration of subsequent boosters would therefore be needed to restore a sufficiently high neutralizing response.

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Concepts Keywords
Bnt162b2 BNT162b2
High Humoral response
Months mRNA-1273
Vaccine Omicron
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccine booster

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease IDO blood
disease MESH causes
disease MESH Thrombosis
pathway REACTOME Hemostasis
disease IDO cell
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease MESH emergency
disease MESH COVID 19 pandemic
disease IDO country
disease MESH infection
drug DRUGBANK Heparin
disease IDO history
disease IDO replication
disease MESH leukemia
drug DRUGBANK Water
disease IDO reagent
disease IDO infectivity
disease IDO assay

Original Article

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