Exploring the trend of age-standardized mortality rates from cardiovascular disease in Malaysia: a joinpoint analysis (2010-2021).

Publication date: Sep 16, 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major health concern worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The COVID-19 pandemic that emerged in late 2019 may have had an impact on the trend of CVD mortality. This study aimed to investigate the trend and changes in CVD mortality rates in Malaysia, using age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) from 2010 to 2021. The Malaysian population and mortality data from 2010 to 2021 were obtained from the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM). ASMRs from CVD per 100,000 population were calculated based on the World Health Organization (2000-2025) standard population using the direct method. The ASMRs were computed based on sex, age groups (including premature mortality age, 30-69 years), and CVD types. The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) of the ASMR with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated from joinpoint regression model using the Joinpoint Regression Program, Version 4. 9.1. 0. Throughout the study period (2010-2021), ASMRs for CVD exhibited an increase from 93. 1 to 147. 0 per 100,000, with an AAPC of 3. 6% (95% CI: 2. 1 to 5. 2). The substantial increase was observed between 2015 and 2018 (APC 12. 6%, 95% CI: 5. 4%, 20. 3%), with significant changes in both sexes, and age groups 50-69, 70 years and over, and 30-69 (premature mortality age). Notably, the ASMR trend remained consistently high in the premature mortality age group across other age groups, with males experiencing higher rates than females. No significant changes were detected before or after the COVID-19 pandemic (between 2019 and 2021), except for females who died from IHD (10. 3% increase) and those aged 0-4 (25. 2% decrease). Overall, our analysis highlights the persistently high burden of CVD mortality in Malaysia, particularly among the premature mortality age group. These findings underscore the importance of continued efforts to address CVD risk factors and implement effective prevention and management strategies. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CVD mortality rates and to inform targeted interventions to reduce the burden of CVD in Malaysia.

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Concepts Keywords
Females Adult
Malaysian Aged
Pandemic ASMR
Cardiovascular Diseases
COVID-19
COVID-19 pandemic
CVD mortality
Female
Humans
Joinpoint analysis
Malaysia
Male
Middle Aged
Mortality
Mortality, Premature
Trend
Young Adult

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH cardiovascular disease
disease MESH COVID-19 pandemic
disease MESH premature mortality
pathway REACTOME Reproduction
disease MESH death
disease MESH stroke
disease MESH obesity
disease MESH hypertension
drug DRUGBANK Ethanol
disease IDO country
disease MESH heart failure
disease MESH infarction
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease IDO intervention
drug DRUGBANK Indoleacetic acid
disease MESH cause of death
disease IDO process
drug DRUGBANK Esomeprazole
disease MESH causes
disease MESH lifestyle factors
disease IDO blood
disease MESH hypercholesterolemia
disease MESH Morbidity
disease MESH complications
disease MESH cerebrovascular disease
disease MESH myocardial infarction
disease MESH vascular disease
disease MESH Cancer
disease MESH bladder cancer
pathway KEGG Bladder cancer
disease IDO site
disease MESH communicable disease
disease MESH ischemic heart disease

Original Article

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