Finding Long-COVID: temporal topic modeling of electronic health records from the N3C and RECOVER programs.

Publication date: Oct 21, 2024

Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as Long-COVID, encompasses a variety of complex and varied outcomes following COVID-19 infection that are still poorly understood. We clustered over 600 million condition diagnoses from 14 million patients available through the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), generating hundreds of highly detailed clinical phenotypes. Assessing patient clinical trajectories using these clusters allowed us to identify individual conditions and phenotypes strongly increased after acute infection. We found many conditions increased in COVID-19 patients compared to controls, and using a novel method to associate patients with clusters over time, we additionally found phenotypes specific to patient sex, age, wave of infection, and PASC diagnosis status. While many of these results reflect known PASC symptoms, the resolution provided by this unprecedented data scale suggests avenues for improved diagnostics and mechanistic understanding of this multifaceted disease.

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Concepts	Keywords
Covid	Acute
Diagnostics	Clinical
Disease	Clusters
Hundreds	Conditions
Sex	Covid
	Finding
	Found
	Increased
	Infection
	Long
	Pasc
	Patient
	Phenotypes
	Temporal
	Topic

Semantics

Type	Source	Name
disease	MESH	Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection
disease	MESH	COVID-19
disease	MESH	infection
disease	IDO	acute infection
disease	MESH	Sequelae
disease	IDO	host
disease	MESH	syndrome
disease	IDO	symptom
disease	IDO	history
disease	MESH	Kidney Diseases
disease	IDO	site
disease	MESH	Gout
disease	MESH	Phimosis
drug	DRUGBANK	Methionine
disease	MESH	Pneumonia
disease	MESH	Viral pneumonia
disease	MESH	Postviral fatigue syndrome
disease	MESH	Upper respiratory tract infection
disease	MESH	Influenza
disease	MESH	scarring
disease	MESH	alopecia
disease	MESH	Migraine with aura
disease	MESH	Anxiety disorder
disease	MESH	central nervous system Disorder
disease	MESH	Polyneuropathy
disease	MESH	Orthostatic hypotension
disease	MESH	Familial dysautonomia
disease	MESH	Tachycardia
disease	MESH	Congestive heart failure
disease	MESH	Myocarditis
disease	MESH	Cardiomyopathy
disease	MESH	Cardiomegaly
disease	MESH	Pulmonary embolism
disease	MESH	Bronchiectasis
disease	MESH	Fibrosis
disease	MESH	respiratory failure
disease	MESH	Reactive arthritis
disease	MESH	Lymphocytopenia
disease	MESH	Hypogammaglobulinemia
disease	IDO	immunodeficiency
disease	MESH	fungal infections
disease	MESH	Aspergillosis
disease	MESH	Pneumocystosis
disease	MESH	Fibromyalgia
disease	MESH	Blood coagulation disorder
disease	MESH	Anemia
disease	MESH	Hypocalcemia
disease	MESH	Hypokalemia
drug	DRUGBANK	Nicotine
disease	MESH	Diverticulosis
drug	DRUGBANK	Adenosine
drug	DRUGBANK	Ilex paraguariensis leaf
disease	MESH	Dyspnea
disease	MESH	Hypoxemia
disease	MESH	secondary infections
disease	IDO	primary infection
disease	MESH	Pericardial effusion
drug	DRUGBANK	Coenzyme M
disease	MESH	Cardiac arrhythmia
disease	MESH	Chronic obstructive lung disease
disease	MESH	Pulmonary emphysema
disease	MESH	Brain fog
disease	MESH	Neurocirculatory asthenia
disease	MESH	Pleural effusion
disease	MESH	Acute renal failure
disease	MESH	Sepsis
disease	MESH	Acidosis
disease	MESH	thyroiditis
disease	MESH	Polymyalgia rheumatica
drug	DRUGBANK	Ranitidine

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