Immunogenicity of intraperitoneal and intranasal liposome adjuvanted VLP vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Publication date: Nov 09, 2024

Humans get SARS-CoV-2 infection mainly through inhalation; thus, vaccine that induces protective immunity at the virus entry site is important for early control of the infection. In this study, two anionic liposome (L)-adjuvanted VLP vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were formulated. Baculovirus-Sf21 insect cell system was used for production of VLPs made of full-length S, M and E proteins. S protein of one vaccine (L-SME-VLPs) contained furin cleavage site at the S1/S2 junction, while that of another vaccine (L-S’ME-VLPs) did not. Both vaccines were innocuous and immunogenic when administered IP and IN to mice. Mice immunized IP with L-SME-VLPs/L-S’ME-VLPs (three doses, two-weeks intervals) had serum virus neutralizing (VN) antibodies (in falling order of isotype frequency): IgG3, IgA and IgG2a/IgG3, IgA and IgM, respectively. The L-S’ME VLPs vaccine induced significantly higher serum VN antibody titers than the L-SME-VLPs vaccine. All mice immunized IN with both vaccines had significant rise of VN antibodies in their bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). The VN antibodies in 67% of immunized mice were Th1- isotypes (IgG2a and/or IgG2b); the immunized mice had also other antibody isotypes in BALF. The intranasal L-S’ME-VLPs should be tested further step-by-step towards the clinical use as effective and safe vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.

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Concepts Keywords
Bronchoalveolar Adjuvants, Immunologic
Innocuous Adjuvants, Immunologic
Mice Adjuvants, Vaccine
Sf21 Adjuvants, Vaccine
Vaccines Administration, Intranasal
Animals
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Antibodies, Viral
Antibodies, Viral
Antibody isotypes
Baculovirus-insect cell system
COVID-19
COVID-19
COVID-19 Vaccines
COVID-19 Vaccines
Female
Humans
Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Liposome
Liposomes
Liposomes
Mice
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle
Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle
Virus-like particles
VLP vaccines

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH SARS-CoV-2 infection
pathway REACTOME SARS-CoV-2 Infection
disease IDO site
disease MESH infection
disease IDO cell
disease IDO production
disease MESH pneumonia
disease IDO protein
disease MESH emergency
disease MESH morbidity
disease MESH inflammation
disease MESH acute respiratory distress syndrome
pathway REACTOME Immune System
drug DRUGBANK Gamolenic acid
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
drug DRUGBANK Activated charcoal
drug DRUGBANK Aspartame
disease IDO reagent
disease IDO assay
drug DRUGBANK Tretamine
disease IDO host
pathway REACTOME Translation
disease IDO blood
disease MESH respiratory infections
disease MESH hypersensitivity
disease IDO process
drug DRUGBANK Sulfate ion
disease MESH influenza
disease MESH cytokine storm
drug DRUGBANK Tretinoin
drug DRUGBANK Nitric Oxide
disease IDO bacteria
drug DRUGBANK Water
disease MESH shock
drug DRUGBANK Kanamycin
drug DRUGBANK Tetracycline
drug DRUGBANK Isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside
drug DRUGBANK Isopropyl Alcohol
drug DRUGBANK Ethanol
drug DRUGBANK Tromethamine
drug DRUGBANK Edetic Acid
drug DRUGBANK Methylergometrine
drug DRUGBANK Nitrogen
drug DRUGBANK Flunarizine
drug DRUGBANK Sucrose
drug DRUGBANK Phosphate ion
drug DRUGBANK Methylcellulose
drug DRUGBANK Sodium lauryl sulfate
drug DRUGBANK Glycerin
drug DRUGBANK Cholesterol
disease IDO facility
disease MESH infection transmission
disease IDO pathogen
disease IDO immune response
disease MESH Respiratory syncytial virus infection
drug DRUGBANK Formaldehyde
disease MESH infectious diseases
disease IDO bactericidal
disease MESH dengue
disease MESH polio
disease MESH encephalomyelitis
disease IDO replication
drug DRUGBANK Diphenylpyraline
pathway REACTOME Reproduction

Original Article

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