Publication date: Dec 10, 2024
COVID-19 skin manifestations are multifaceted, ranging from urticaria, morbilliform or papulovesicular rash, livedoid purpuric lesions, and to pseudochilblains (also called COVID toes). Recent insights into the mechanism of these manifestations have highlighted that morbilliform, papulovesicular, and livedoid/purpuric rashes are related to virus-induced endothelial cell damage and linked to moderate-to-severe disease, whereas pseudochilblains are related to an exaggerated IFN-1 production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in protected individuals. In this paper, we will review the clinical and physiopathological features of cutaneous COVID-19 manifestations in relation to the direct viral cytopathic effects and dysregulated IFN-1 responses. We will also review the emerging insights into post-COVID conditions (also termed long COVID) and how they may be implicated in the persistence of COVID-19-associated skin diseases.
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Covid | Acute COVID-19 |
| Dermatol | Dermatology |
| Plasmacytoid | Immunology |
| Unveiling | Long COVID |
| Virus | SARS-CoV-2 |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | Viral Infection |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | MESH | Post-COVID Conditions |
| disease | MESH | urticaria |
| disease | IDO | cell |
| disease | IDO | production |
| disease | MESH | viral cytopathic effects |
| disease | MESH | skin diseases |