From Crisis to Complications: A Nationwide Cohort Study Assessing One-Year Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Risks After Severe COVID-19 Compared to Matched Controls.

From Crisis to Complications: A Nationwide Cohort Study Assessing One-Year Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Risks After Severe COVID-19 Compared to Matched Controls.

Publication date: Nov 29, 2024

Background: The long-term risk of cardiovascular and thrombotic events following severe COVID-19 remains largely unknown. This study aimed to assess the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) within one year after hospital discharge in patients who received intensive care for severe COVID-19. Methods: A register-based nationwide case-control study on a cohort of patients with severe COVID-19 (cases) requiring mechanical ventilation and discharged alive without experiencing cardiovascular or thrombotic events during their hospital stay. Each case was matched (age, sex, district of residence) with up to 10 population-based controls. The primary outcome was ASCVD occurring after hospital discharge, defined as a composite endpoint, including myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina pectoris and ischemic stroke. Secondary endpoints were MI, stroke, all-cause mortality, and venous thromboembolic events. Hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) was used with adjustments for age, sex, socioeconomic factors, and co-morbidities. Results: In total, 31,375 individuals (70% men, median age 62 years) were included, of which 2854 had severe COVID-19 and 26,885 matched control subjects. The adjusted HR for ASCVD during the first year compared to control subjects was 3. 1 (95% CI 1. 7-5. 4). Adjusted HRs for secondary outcomes for myocardial infarction were 2. 0 (95% CI 0. 8-5. 3), for stroke 1. 9 (95% CI 0. 7-5. 3), for pulmonary embolism 49. 4 (95% CI 28. 0-87. 1), and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) 16. 0 (95% CI 7. 8-32. 6). Conclusions: Severe COVID-19 requiring intensive care was associated with a substantial increase in 1-year risk for ASCVD and venous thromboembolic events.

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Concepts Keywords
Myocardial cardiovascular events
Nationwide COVID-19
Socioeconomic intensive care
Stay long term outcome

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH Complications
disease MESH COVID-19
disease MESH cardiovascular disease
disease MESH myocardial infarction
disease MESH unstable angina pectoris
disease MESH ischemic stroke
disease MESH stroke
disease MESH morbidities
disease MESH pulmonary embolism
disease MESH deep venous thrombosis
disease MESH acute respiratory distress syndrome
drug DRUGBANK Oxygen
disease MESH fibroid
disease MESH necrosis
disease MESH vasculitis
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease MESH cardiovascular risk
disease MESH heart failure
disease IDO quality
disease MESH death
disease MESH education level
disease IDO country
disease IDO history
disease MESH hypertension
disease MESH hyperlipidemia
disease MESH diabetes mellitus
disease MESH obesity
disease MESH atrial fibrillation
disease MESH venous thromboembolism
disease MESH asthma
pathway KEGG Asthma
disease MESH malignancy
disease MESH rheumatoid arthritis
pathway KEGG Rheumatoid arthritis
disease MESH pericarditis
disease MESH myocarditis
disease MESH marital status
disease MESH chronic kidney disease
disease MESH COPD

Original Article

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