[Vaccination of children and adolescents treated for acute leukemia, excluding HSCT recipients: Recommendations of the French Society for Childhood and Adolescent Cancer and Leukemia (SFCE)].

[Vaccination of children and adolescents treated for acute leukemia, excluding HSCT recipients: Recommendations of the French Society for Childhood and Adolescent Cancer and Leukemia (SFCE)].

Publication date: Dec 19, 2024

Children and adolescents who are being treated or have been treated for acute leukemia have a secondary immunodeficiency linked to chemotherapy, resulting in an increased risk of infections. Some of which can be prevented by vaccination but its effectiveness is not optimal during chemotherapy. Upon cessation of chemotherapy, the time required for immune reconstitution varies from three months to more than a year, depending on lymphocyte subpopulations, the patient’s age, and the intensity of the treatment received. Although they may have regained their immune functions, studies show that most patients have lost part of their vaccine-induced protection post-chemotherapy and require booster doses of vaccines. Most practitioners agree on the importance of vaccinating or revaccinating these children, but practices are heterogeneous among pediatric hematologist-oncologists in France. Based on a practice study and a recent review of the literature, this work aims to propose new French recommendations for the vaccination strategy to be adopted for children and adolescents treated or recently treated for acute leukemia, excluding allogeneic transplant recipients, in 2024. These recommendations specifically include the vaccination protocols for human papillomavirus and meningococcal infections but do not address the COVID-19 vaccination, as its guidelines are subject to rapid changes.

Concepts Keywords
Adolescents Acute leukemia
Chemotherapy Chemotherapy
French Children
Papillomavirus Chimiothérapie
Vaccination Enfant
Immunocompromised host
Immunodéprimé
Leucémie aiguë
Practice guidelines
Recommandations
Vaccination

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH leukemia
disease MESH Cancer
disease IDO immunodeficiency
disease MESH infections
disease MESH meningococcal infections
disease MESH COVID-19
disease MESH Immunocompromised host

Original Article

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