Publication date: Oct 14, 2024
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an uncontrolled plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow, leading to immune dysregulation with impaired humoral immune responses. Conversely, cellular-based responses play a vital role in MM patients. However, the extent and duration of cellular-induced protection remain unclear to date. Here, immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) like Lenalidomide (Lena) become interesting, as they may have stimulatory effects on T-cell functioning. In this study we investigated immune responses elicited by COVID-19 vaccine or infection comparing 43 healthy volunteers (avg. 35y, 72. 1% female, 81. 4% previously COVID-19 infected), with 41 MM patients under Lena maintenance therapy (avg. 63. 8y, 51. 2% female, 61% previously COVID-19 infected). Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S), spike-RBD, and nucleocapsid (N) were measured via ELISA in subjects’ plasma. Freshly isolated PBMCs, incubated with SARS-CoV-2 peptides (N, S), activation induced marker (AIM) assays and flow cytometry, allowed us to assess cellular responses (CD8 T, T: CD4 T (follicular) helper). Whereas healthy controls showed significant better humoral responses (N IgA p
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Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | multiple myeloma |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Lenalidomide |
| disease | IDO | role |
| disease | IDO | cell |
| disease | MESH | infection |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Tropicamide |
| pathway | REACTOME | Reproduction |
| disease | MESH | Maintenance Chemotherapy |