Coexistence of Cold Agglutinin and Cryoglobulin in a Patient With Severe Anemia Following COVID-19 Infection.

ingentiumby ingentium

In Clinical Literature.

Publication date: Dec 01, 2024

We report a case of coexisting cold agglutinin and cryoglobulin in a patient with severe anemia following COVID-19 infection, in whom direct antiglobulin testing revealed C3d positivity and immunoglobulin G negativity. There was no evident hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, or clinically significant IgM monoclonal gammopathy. The anemia improved with folic acid supplementation alone accompanied by a decrease of the cold agglutination titer, and the direct antiglobulin test became negative. Despite continuous positivity for cryoglobulinemia, the patient exhibited no clinical symptoms such as thrombosis. Immunosuppressive therapy for cold-related hematologic disorders after COVID-19 infection should be considered carefully.

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Concepts Keywords
Cold cold agglutinin
Covid cold-related hematologic disorders
Cryoglobulinemia covid-19
Immunosuppressive cryoglobulin
direct antiglobulin test
folate deficiency

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH Anemia
disease MESH COVID-19
disease MESH Infection
disease MESH hemolytic anemia
disease MESH thrombosis
disease MESH monoclonal gammopathy
drug DRUGBANK Folic Acid
disease MESH cryoglobulinemia
pathway REACTOME Reproduction
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease MESH Infectious Disease
pathway REACTOME Infectious disease
disease MESH autoimmune hemolytic anemia
disease MESH syndrome
disease MESH viral infections
disease MESH hemolysis
disease IDO blood
disease MESH purpura
disease IDO history
disease MESH cerebral infarction
disease MESH cognitive impairment
disease IDO nucleic acid
disease MESH Clinical course
disease IDO cell
drug DRUGBANK Iron
drug DRUGBANK Cyanocobalamin
drug DRUGBANK Zinc
drug DRUGBANK Copper
drug DRUGBANK Methacholine
drug DRUGBANK Alkaline Phosphatase
disease IDO protein
drug DRUGBANK Urea
drug DRUGBANK Nitrogen
drug DRUGBANK Creatinine
drug DRUGBANK Cardiolipin
disease MESH hepatitis
disease IDO immunodeficiency
disease IDO reagent
disease MESH connective tissue diseases
disease MESH glomerulonephritis
disease MESH leukocytoclastic vasculitis
disease MESH polyneuropathy
disease MESH erythrocyte aggregation
disease MESH macrocytic anemia
disease IDO role
disease MESH vasculitis
disease MESH arthralgia
disease IDO host
disease MESH immune tolerance
disease MESH pulmonary embolism

Original Article

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