Immunogenicity and Safety According to Immunosuppressive Drugs and Different COVID-19 Vaccine Platforms in Immune-Mediated Disease: Data from SAFER Cohort.

ingentiumby ingentium

In Vaccines Literature.

Publication date: Dec 03, 2024

The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) depends on the underlying disease, immunosuppression degree and the vaccine regimens. We evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of different COVID-19 vaccine schedules. The SAFER study: “Safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 Vaccine in Rheumatic Disease”, is a Brazilian multicentric prospective observational phase IV study in the real-life. Data were analyzed after 2 or 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccines: adenoviral vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Astrazeneca), mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2, Pfizer-BioNTech) or inactivated SARS-COV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac, Sinovac Biotech). IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike (IgG-S) receptor-binding domain level were quantified at baseline (T1) and 28 days after the first (T2), 2nd (T3) and 3rd (T4) doses by chemiluminescence (SARS-CoV-2-IgG-II Quant-assay, Abbott-Laboratories). 721 patients with IMID were included in the analysis. The median titers of IgG-S (BAU/mL) increased progressively over the times: at baseline was 6. 26 (5. 41-7. 24), T2: 73. 01 (61. 53-86. 62), T3: 200. 0 (174. 36-229. 41) and T4: 904. 92 (800. 49-1022. 97). The multivariate linear regression showed that greater IgG-S titers were associated with pre-exposure to COVID-19 (p < 0. 001) and BNT162b2 booster vaccine (p < 0. 001). Rituximab and immunosuppressant drugs were independent factors for low titers (p = 0. 002, p < 0. 001, respectively). No serious adverse event was reported. All platforms were safe and induced an increase in IgG-S antibodies. COVID-19 pre-exposure and BNT162b2 booster regimens were predictors of higher humoral immune responses, which is relevant in immunosuppressed populations. Immunosuppressants (mainly rituximab) predicted the lowest antibodies.

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Concepts Keywords
Biotech autoimmune disorders
Brazilian COVID-19
Inactivated humoral immunity
Vaccine registries
vaccine

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease IDO immunosuppression
disease MESH Rheumatic Disease
disease IDO assay
disease MESH COVID-19
drug DRUGBANK Rituximab
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
drug DRUGBANK Ribostamycin
drug DRUGBANK L-Valine
disease MESH severe acute respiratory syndrome
disease MESH infections
drug DRUGBANK Methionine
disease IDO blood
disease MESH rheumatoid arthritis
pathway KEGG Rheumatoid arthritis
disease MESH inflammatory myopathies
disease MESH systemic vasculitis
disease MESH systemic sclerosis
disease MESH MCTD
disease IDO history
disease MESH causes
pathway KEGG Primary immunodeficiency
disease IDO primary immunodeficiency
disease MESH neoplasia
disease MESH myasthenia gravis
disease MESH thymoma
drug DRUGBANK Cyclophosphamide
drug DRUGBANK Propiolactone
drug DRUGBANK Aluminum hydroxide
disease MESH emergency
disease IDO replication
pathway KEGG Endocytosis
pathway REACTOME Translation
disease IDO protein
disease IDO cell
disease IDO immune response
drug DRUGBANK Chlorambucil
drug DRUGBANK Mycophenolate mofetil
drug DRUGBANK Tacrolimus
drug DRUGBANK Ciclosporin
drug DRUGBANK Sirolimus
drug DRUGBANK Azathioprine
drug DRUGBANK Prednisone
drug DRUGBANK Methotrexate
disease MESH edema
disease MESH arthralgia
disease MESH erythema
drug DRUGBANK Folic Acid
disease MESH seroconversion
disease MESH systemic lupus erythematosus
pathway KEGG Systemic lupus erythematosus
disease MESH bone disease
disease MESH hypertension
disease MESH Diabetes mellitus
disease MESH Connective tissue diseases
disease MESH Vasculitis
disease IDO infection
drug DRUGBANK Indoleacetic acid
disease IDO humoral immune response

Original Article

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