Antigen Delivery Platforms for Next-Generation Coronavirus Vaccines.

ingentiumby ingentium

In Vaccines Literature.

Publication date: Dec 31, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is in its sixth year and is being maintained by the inability of current spike-alone-based COVID-19 vaccines to prevent transmission leading to the continuous emergence of variants and sub-variants of concern (VOCs). This underscores the critical need for next-generation broad-spectrum pan-Coronavirus vaccines (pan-CoV vaccine) to break this cycle and end the pandemic. The development of a pan-CoV vaccine offering protection against a wide array of VOCs requires two key elements: (1) identifying protective antigens that are highly conserved between passed, current, and future VOCs; and (2) developing a safe and efficient antigen delivery system for induction of broad-based and long-lasting B- and T-cell immunity. This review will (1) present the current state of antigen delivery platforms involving a multifaceted approach, including bioinformatics, molecular and structural biology, immunology, and advanced computational methods; (2) discuss the challenges facing the development of safe and effective antigen delivery platforms; and (3) highlight the potential of nucleoside-modified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) as the platform that is well suited to the needs of a next-generation pan-CoV vaccine, such as the ability to induce broad-based immunity and amenable to large-scale manufacturing to safely provide durable protective immunity against current and future Coronavirus threats.

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Concepts Keywords
Basel antigen delivery platform
Bioinformatics antigen delivery system
Coronavirus LNP
Efficient mRNA
Pandemic pan-Coronavirus vaccine
SARS-CoV-2
srRNA

Semantics

Type Source Name
disease MESH COVID-19 pandemic
disease IDO cell
drug DRUGBANK Coenzyme M
disease MESH common cold
disease MESH Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
disease MESH severe acute respiratory syndrome
disease MESH infections
disease MESH pneumonia
disease MESH acute respiratory distress syndrome
disease MESH septic shock
disease MESH death
disease MESH morbidity
disease MESH long COVID
disease MESH chronic condition
disease MESH cognitive impairment
disease MESH community spread
disease MESH complications
disease IDO host
disease IDO infection
disease IDO protein
pathway REACTOME Immune System
disease IDO production
disease IDO process
drug DRUGBANK Water
disease IDO immune response
disease MESH viral infection
disease MESH ocular infections
pathway KEGG Endocytosis
pathway REACTOME Translation
pathway KEGG Homologous recombination
disease IDO replication
pathway KEGG Ribosome
disease MESH histocompatibility
drug DRUGBANK Polyethylene glycol
disease MESH myocardial infarction
disease MESH stroke
disease MESH pulmonary embolism
disease MESH weight loss
disease MESH re infection
disease MESH zoonoses
disease MESH defects
pathway KEGG Viral replication
disease MESH viral load
disease MESH Venezuelan equine encephalitis
disease MESH autoimmunity
drug DRUGBANK Tropicamide
disease IDO nucleic acid
disease MESH infectious diseases
drug DRUGBANK PEV3A
disease MESH parasite infection
pathway REACTOME Parasite infection
drug DRUGBANK Tretamine
disease IDO susceptibility
drug DRUGBANK Cholesterol
disease MESH syndrome
drug DRUGBANK Amino acids
drug DRUGBANK Squalene
disease MESH inflammation
disease MESH Vaccinia
drug DRUGBANK Iron
drug DRUGBANK Amber
disease MESH Malaria
pathway KEGG Malaria
drug DRUGBANK Spinosad
disease MESH Allergy
drug DRUGBANK Sulfasalazine
disease MESH myelodysplastic syndromes
disease IDO pathogen
disease MESH hepatitis
drug DRUGBANK Guanosine
disease MESH tumors
disease MESH Influenza
drug DRUGBANK Carboxyamidotriazole
disease MESH rabies
pathway REACTOME Release
pathway REACTOME Infectious disease
disease IDO infectious disease
drug DRUGBANK (S)-Des-Me-Ampa
drug DRUGBANK Efavirenz

Original Article

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