Publication date: Jan 01, 2025

Despite the importance of comorbid ischemic heart disease (IHD) in the prognosis of asthma, the long-term impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on IHD in adults with asthma remains unclear. This study investigated the long-term effects of COVID-19 on the risk of IHD in individuals with asthma, particularly regarding COVID-19 severity. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database, we identified individuals with asthma who had recovered from COVID-19 between October 8, 2020, and December 31, 2021 (n = 8,011) and 1:1 propensity score-matched controls (n = 8,011). The incidence and risk of IHD were compared between the two groups. Overall, during a median follow-up of 95 days (interquartile range, 34-213 days; range, 1-448 days), which includes a median of 14 lag days, the COVID-19 cohort did not show a higher risk of IHD (hazard ratio [HR], 2. 11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0. 99-4. 48) compared to matched controls. However, when the severity of COVID-19 was considered, the severe COVID-19 cohort exhibited a higher risk of IHD (HR, 4. 89; 95% CI, 1. 86-12. 84) than matched controls; in contrast, the non-severe COVID-19 cohort showed no significantly increased risk of IHD (HR, 1. 64; 95% CI, 0. 73-3. 70). Severe COVID-19 is associated with an increased long-term risk of IHD in adults with asthma, emphasizing the importance of cardiovascular events monitoring to improve asthma treatment outcomes in the era of COVID-19.

Semantics

Original Article