Publication date: May 27, 2025

Baby vaccination on time is still a concern, despite the fact that timely and full immunization of children could avert 90% of child mortality attributable to infectious diseases and nutritional problems that are preventable by vaccines. Although numerous research has been conducted on vaccination coverage, only a few studies have highlighted immunization delay and its associated factors in Ethiopia. Additionally, most of them were produced using data from urban populations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of vaccination delay and its associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in the Gomma district, which is one of the prevalently rural districts in Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at selected kebeles in the Gomma district from April 1 to 30, 2022, among 528 mother/caregiver-child pairs. A multistage sampling procedure was applied to select the study kebeles and households. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. The statistical software SPSS version 26 was used for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were fitted. Finally, an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% CI and a p value 

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