Publication date: Apr 30, 2025
SARS-CoV-2 has caused global disruptions, prompting studies on immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines, particularly antibodies against the Spike (S) protein. However, responses to the Nucleocapsid (N) protein remain less explored. This study evaluated whether CoronaVac induces anti-N antibodies, and analyzed antibody dynamics after a BNT162b2 booster, given that CoronaVac targets both S and N proteins, while BNT162b2 targets only the S protein. Serum samples were collected at multiple intervals post-vaccination. The percentage of participants with positive anti-N antibodies increased from 40. 26% to 62. 09% after two doses of CoronaVac, but declined over time, reaching 29. 07% and 18. 87% after the second and third doses, respectively. However, seropositivity rose to 43. 48% three months after the booster. Anti-S antibody levels peaked at 31,394 AU/mL after the booster, compared to 723. 4 AU/mL after the first dose. These findings indicate that CoronaVac stimulates antibody responses against both S and N proteins. Monitoring antibody dynamics is crucial for optimizing vaccination strategies, particularly for high-risk populations, to help control COVID-19.
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Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | IDO | protein |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
| disease | IDO | host |
| pathway | REACTOME | Release |
| disease | IDO | production |
| disease | IDO | blood |
| disease | IDO | history |
| disease | MESH | infection |
| disease | MESH | infectious disease |
| pathway | REACTOME | Infectious disease |
| disease | IDO | assay |