Publication date: Jun 30, 2025
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to traumatic events faced by children and adolescents, such as abuse, violence, and neglect. The longitudinal mediation effects of ACEs on mental health, physical health, and activity, particularly using nonrestorative sleep (NRS), a subjective perception of unrefreshing sleep, remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of NRS in the relationships between ACEs and subsequent health problems and daytime inactivity in adulthood. Using data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey, we conducted a longitudinal study with mediation analysis. Psychological distress (K6 ≥ 13), physical and mental health problems, and daytime inactivity (Health-Related Quality of Life-4; all defined as ≥14 days/month), NRS (≥16 days/month), and ACEs (≥4 items from a validated ACEs list) were assessed. Among the 17,042 participants, 52. 8 % were male, with a mean age of 50. 35 years (SD = 17. 73). Significant mediational pathways via NRS were observed from ACEs to psychological distress (RR = 1. 14, 95 % CI = 1. 08-1. 19, p
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Aces | Activity limitations |
| Japan | Adverse childhood experiences |
| Month | Mental health |
| Sleep | Non-restorative sleep |
| Therapy | Physical health |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | Adverse Childhood Experiences |
| disease | MESH | psychological distress |
| disease | MESH | violence |
| disease | IDO | role |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | IDO | quality |