Publication date: Jul 14, 2025
Calf diarrhea remains a significant concern in the global cattle industry, leading to considerable economic losses. Infectious pathogens are among the primary causes of this disease. In this study, the prevalence of 7 pathogens-bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) types 1 and 2, Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia spp. , and Eimeria spp. -associated with calf diarrhea was investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A metagenomic approach was also applied to identify additional RNA viral pathogens from unknown causes of diarrheic fecal samples in the Republic of Korea (ROK). A total of 810 fecal samples from Hanwoo calves (Bos taurus coreanae) were collected, consisting of 526 normal samples (267 with a fecal score of 0 and 259 with a fecal score of 1) and 284 diarrheic samples (178 with a fecal score of 2 and 106 with a fecal score of 3). All 7 pathogens were detected by PCR in feces and their detection rates and mean fecal scores for each were as follows: BRV (14. 0%, 1. 41), BCV (3. 2%, 1. 42), BVDV1 (2. 1%, 1. 35), BVDV2 (4. 9%, 1. 33), C. parvum (9. 8%, 1. 66), Eimeria spp. (1. 9%, 1. 73), and Giardia spp. (0. 9%, 0. 71). Among these pathogens, BRV (p = 0. 004), C. parvum (p
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| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Cattle | Calf diarrhea |
| Coronavirus | Hanwoo calves |
| Diarrhea | Next-generation sequencing |
| Korea | Phylogenetic analysis |
| Pcr | Prevalence |
| Viral detection |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| drug | DRUGBANK | Pentaerythritol tetranitrate |
| disease | MESH | causes |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Brecanavir |
| pathway | REACTOME | Reproduction |