Publication date: Jul 31, 2025
Due to the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, research on coronaviruses has been massively accelerated. In addition to SARS-CoV-2, there are other human coronaviruses, including HCoV-229E. In all coronaviruses, secondary structure predictions indicate the presence of conserved structural elements in the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR). These conserved elements play crucial roles in RNA translation and replication. Stem-loop 5 (SL5), consisting of three substructures (5a, 5b, 5c), is highly conserved and harbours the start codon for translation. SL5 has repetitive structural motifs (RSMs), 5′-UUYYGU-3′, which are conserved in many alpha- and betacoronaviruses. In the following, we present the H, C and N NMR resonance assignment of the SL5a RNA element from HCoV-229E and variations in the RSMs to show the effect of loop mutations on the structure of the hexaloop, revealing the different impact of each loop nucleotide on RNA dynamics.
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| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| 229e | 5‘-UTR |
| Accelerated | Coronaviruses |
| Coronaviruses | HCoV-229E |
| Mutations | SL5a |
| Nucleotide | Solution NMR spectroscopy |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| pathway | REACTOME | Translation |
| disease | IDO | replication |
| pathway | KEGG | Viral replication |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Sodium lauryl sulfate |
| disease | MESH | COVID 19 |
| disease | IDO | host |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Edetic Acid |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Peracetic acid |
| disease | MESH | shock |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Acetate ion |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Flunarizine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Potassium Chloride |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Monopotassium phosphate |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Phosphate ion |
| disease | IDO | production |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Cysteamine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Cinacalcet |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Tretamine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Guanosine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Water |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Activated charcoal |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Uridine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Cytidine |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Fenamole |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Ezogabine |
| pathway | REACTOME | Reproduction |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Nitrogen |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Amino acids |