Publication date: Sep 11, 2025
Community-acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infections are frequent and potentially severe in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) recipients. However, their impact during the peri-engraftment period remains underexplored. In this retrospective multicenter study, we assessed the characteristics, effects on neutrophil engraftment, and risk factors for lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) progression and 100-day mortality of symptomatic peri-engraftment CARV infections [from Day -8 until Day +36 after stem cell infusion]. A total of 112 allo-HCT recipients and 114 CARV episodes were included. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses and cumulative incidence estimates were used. The median patient age was 51 years. Rhinovirus (47%) and respiratory syncytial virus (23%) were the most common pathogens. Half of the infections occurred before neutrophil engraftment (median day +18), and 50% progressed to LRTD. The 100-day mortality rate was 17%, increasing to 27% in those with LRTD. CARV infection prior to engraftment was associated with delayed neutrophil recovery (Day +18 vs. +16; p = 0. 04) in multivariable cause-specific Cox regression analysis (HR 0. 42, p
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | Virus Infections |
| disease | IDO | cell |
| disease | MESH | infections |
| disease | IDO | infection |
| disease | IDO | immunodeficiency |
| disease | MESH | influenza |
| disease | MESH | parainfluenza |