Publication date: Dec 17, 2025
The long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the distribution pattern of respiratory pathogens in China was unknown. Our study aimed to determine the multipathogen profiles and co-infection characteristics among patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in the post-COVID-19 era in Shenzhen, China. This multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with ARIs from five sentinel hospitals from November 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 in Shenzhen, China. The collected respiratory samples were subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing for high-throughput screening of 108 respiratory pathogens. Multi-stage logistic regression models were built to infer interactions between pathogens at the individual level. The median [IQR] age of 1890 patients included was 31. 8 [23. 7, 45. 2] years. The proportions of positivity on any pathogen and co-infection were 84. 0% (1587/1890) and 41. 4% (782/1890). Children
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| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| China | Acute respiratory infections |
| Hospitals | Co-infection |
| June | Comprehensive surveillance |
| Pandemic | Pathogen profiles |
| Post-COVID-19 era |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | co-infection |
| disease | MESH | respiratory infections |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | MESH | included |
| disease | MESH | Infectious Diseases |
| disease | MESH | Dis |
| drug | DRUGBANK | (S)-Des-Me-Ampa |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Guanosine |
| pathway | REACTOME | Reproduction |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
| disease | MESH | Park |
| disease | MESH | Influenza |
| disease | MESH | parainfluenza |
| disease | MESH | pneumonia |
| disease | MESH | fever |
| disease | MESH | emergency |
| disease | MESH | respiratory diseases |
| disease | MESH | asthma |
| pathway | KEGG | Asthma |
| disease | MESH | tumors |
| disease | MESH | pleural effusion |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Isoxaflutole |