Publication date: May 01, 2026
Mental health sequelae following COVID-19 recovery are well-documented in large urban centers, yet community-based data from semi-urban India, particularly Jharkhand, remain scarce. To assess the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress among COVID-19 survivors in urban Hazaribagh using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and to identify associated sociodemographic and clinical factors. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2022 to June 2022, following approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC), RIMS, Ranchi, obtained prior to data collection. Using systematic random sampling from Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) COVID-19 registers, every seventh from 1,065 first-wave cases and every 17th from 7,686 second-wave cases, 601 consenting recovered adults were enrolled from 640 contacted (response rate: 93. 9%). The DASS-21 was administered in its validated Hindi version alongside a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed in JASP using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests; a value of p
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| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Adults | community-based study |
| Hindi | depression anxiety stress |
| June | long-covid-19 |
| Sociodemographic | psychological comorbidity |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | Anxiety |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | MESH | DASS |
| pathway | REACTOME | Reproduction |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |