Publication date: May 28, 2026
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated ethnic inequalities in mental health. So far, little is known about the mental health of immigrants from TcFCrkiye/Turkey, one of the largest migrant groups in Germany, which already had a higher risk for depressive symptoms before the pandemic. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a sample of Turkish-origin immigrants and to explore the role of socioeconomic, cultural-linguistic, as well as family-related factors for depressive symptoms. A total of 119 adult immigrants from TcFCrkiye living in Germany participated in a cross-sectional online study in winter 2021/2022 (age: M = 43. 2 years, SD = 11. 31; length of stay in Germany: M = 20. 0 years, SD = 17. 24). Participants completed several scales, including the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CESD), and provided sociodemographic data. Overall, 69. 75% of the participants had a CESD sum score above a critical cutoff, suggesting they may have been at risk for clinical depression. Subjective measures of socioeconomic status were more strongly associated with depressive symptoms than objective measures. Heritage cultural orientation was not associated with depressive symptoms. A stronger orientation towards the host culture, German language proficiency, being married or living with a partner, having children, and living with more persons in one household were linked to less depressive symptoms. The study sheds light on the high prevalence of depressive symptoms and the potential role of its determinants in immigrants from TcFCrkiye. These findings may contribute to developing frameworks that explain mental health impairment in immigrant populations.
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Depressive | COVID-19 |
| Germany | depression |
| Host | Turkish-origin immigrants |
| Winter |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | MESH | CESD |
| disease | MESH | clinical depression |