Publication date: Jun 06, 2026
Candida species are major causes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections associated with high mortality in critically ill patients. This study aimed to evaluate temporal changes in species distribution, antifungal resistance, clinical outcomes, and mortality predictors in ICU patients with candidemia. This retrospective study included 250 ICU patients with candidemia between January 2018 and January 2022. The study period was divided into two cohorts (2018-2020, n = 80; 2020-2022, n = 170). Clinical, laboratory, and microbiological characteristics were compared. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of mortality. The incidence density of candidemia significantly decreased from 4. 32 to 3. 10 per 1,000 ICU patient-days (IRR: 0. 72; %95 CI: 0. 55-0. 94; p = 0,014). A shift toward non-albicans Candida species was observed, while antifungal resistance rates remained stable. Candida score values and empirical antifungal therapy rates were lower in the later period. Despite increased central venous catheter use, catheter-related candidemia decreased. Overall mortality was similar between periods; however, during the second period, mortality was higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection than in those without infection [100/105 (95. 2%) vs. 43/65 (66. 2%), p
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| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Candidemia | Antifungal resistance |
| Laboratory | Candidemia |
| Mortality | Intensive care unit |
| Mortality | |
| Non-albicans Candida |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | candidemia |
| disease | MESH | bloodstream infections |
| disease | MESH | critically ill |
| disease | MESH | included |
| disease | MESH | SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| pathway | REACTOME | SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| disease | MESH | infection |
| disease | MESH | Infectious Diseases |
| disease | MESH | Dis |
| pathway | REACTOME | Reproduction |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Coenzyme M |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Urea |
| disease | MESH | Candida infection |
| disease | MESH | Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome |
| disease | MESH | invasive candidiasis |
| disease | MESH | secondary infections |
| disease | MESH | malignancy |
| disease | MESH | diabetes mellitus |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Creatinine |
| disease | MESH | IBM |
| disease | MESH | pneumonia |
| disease | MESH | respiratory failure |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Oxygen |
| disease | MESH | clinical deterioration |
| disease | MESH | wound |
| disease | MESH | Hypertension |
| disease | MESH | Heart failure |