Publication date: Aug 01, 2026
This study examined changes in anti-Spike (anti-S) antibodies (Abs) and type I interferon (IFN-I) following the BNT162b2 vaccine in people living with HIV (PLWH) and analyzed the impact of demographic and immunological factors. In total, 75 PLWH and 28 healthy donors were followed at baseline (T0), at the second dose (T1), after the second dose (T2), and more than 1 year later (T3). Anti-S Abs were assessed by chemiluminescence and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based pseudo virus-neutralization assay, while IFN-α2, IFN-β, and IFN-ω mRNA levels were measured by RT-Real Time PCR. PLWH showed an increase in anti-S Immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels comparable to healthy donors (p
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | vesicular stomatitis |
| disease | MESH | COVID-19 |
| disease | MESH | HIV Infections |
Original Article
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