Publication date: Sep 25, 2026
Post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) condition describes a constellation of persistent or fluctuating symptoms and organ dysfunction following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on dialysis and kidney transplant recipients (KTR) inhabit a landscape of immune dysfunction, multimorbidity, and high healthcare interaction, which may amplify both the risk and consequences of post-COVID condition (PCC). In this article, we aimed to review current evidence on PCC and related post-acute sequelae in dialysis patients and KTR-focusing on symptom burden, risk factors, functional outcomes, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), kidney and graft outcomes, and recovery trajectories. It was found that dialysis patients and KTR experience a substantial burden of PCC superimposed on already complex symptoms and risk profiles. Long COVID in these groups encompasses not only fatigue, dyspnea and a “brain fog” phenomenon but also impaired HRQoL, reduced functional recovery, and potential acceleration of kidney and graft decline. Harmonized PCC definitions, kidney-specific outcome measures, and prospective multicentre studies in ESKD and kidney transplant populations are urgently required to inform prevention and management strategies embedded within the dialysis and kidney transplantation pathways.
| Concepts | Keywords |
|---|---|
| Coronavirus | Dialysis |
| Dyspnea | Kidney transplantation |
| Healthcare | Post-COVID-19 condition |
| Kidney | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Stage |
Semantics
| Type | Source | Name |
|---|---|---|
| disease | MESH | infection |
| pathway | KEGG | Coronavirus disease |
| disease | MESH | coronavirus disease 2019 |
| disease | MESH | end-stage kidney disease |
| disease | MESH | post-COVID condition |
| drug | DRUGBANK | Factor IX Complex (Human) |
| disease | MESH | PCC |
| disease | MESH | fatigue |
| disease | MESH | dyspnea |
| disease | MESH | brain fog |