The IgG antibody titer against SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding protein (RBD) after mRNA vaccine were compared between those with and without previous infection (PI) for up to 48 weeks. Though sustained higher IgG-RBD were observed in… Read more

Reported cases of influenza are increasing among those 65 years of age and older. Older people may be less likely to get sick from influenza, but they are at an increased risk for influenza complications,… Read more

Pharmacists, as one of the most accessible health care professionals in the community, can educate, promote, and administer vaccinations. Immunizations are an important way to protect communities from potentially severe diseases, including COVID-19, influenza, pneumonia,… Read more

The SARS-CoV-2 immune response is mediated by both humoral and cellular immunity. In this study, SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular immunity was tested by a novel direct real-time PCR (dRT-PCR) assay, targeting mRNA of CXCL10, and compared… Read more

Since vaccination against COVID-19 is recommended in pregnant people, we aimed to provide further evidence on the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy. Data on COVID-19 vaccines adverse events following immunizations (AEFIs) in pregnant… Read more

mRNA vaccination of individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection provides superior protection against breakthrough infections with variants of concern compared with vaccination in the absence of prior infection. However, the immune mechanisms by which this hybrid… Read more

Flares of autoimmune rheumatic disease (AIRDs) following COVID-19 vaccination are an outstanding concern in vaccine-hesitant individuals. Therefore, we investigated the incidence, predictors and patterns of flares following vaccination in individuals living with AIRDs using global… Read more

Peptide vaccines have advantages in easy fabrication and high safety, but their effectiveness is subjected to the poor immunogenicity of epitopes themselves. Herein, we constructed a series of framework nucleic acids (FNAs) with regulated rigidity… Read more